In response to their opposition, Shivaji attacked them in 1670. . He was the founder of the great Maratha kingdom of India. The Maratha kingdom reached its greatest extent during this time, extending from Bengal in the east to Peshawar (modern-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) in the north. His mother has been Jijabai. Shivaji and his mother, Jijabai, had to shift from fort to fort due to the Mughal army's endless pursuit of him. As a result of conspiracy allegations, Rajaram, his wife, Janki Bai, and his mother, Soyrabai, were all put in prison, and Soyrabai was put to death in October. However, Shivaji eventually used his intelligence and cunning to escape the arrest. In the later developments, Shivaji's grandson Shahu became the ruler with the help of Balaji Vishwanath. Shivaji died on April 3, 1680, at 52, at the Raigarh fort after suffering from illness. Shivaji Maharaj: Biography, Photo, Wallpaper, Spouse. He was born at Shivneri which is a hill fort in Junnar in Poona, now known as Pune. Additionally, Shivaji Maharaj successfully subdued many other families with Deshmukhi rights under Adilshah of Bijapur. The Maratha Empire was founded when Shivaji separated his independent state from the failing Adilshahi sultanate of Bijapuri. The Nyayadhish, or Chief Justice, observed the specifics of legislation and the implementation that resulted, including common, legal, and military applications. WebAurangzeb's soul used to tremble after hearing the name of the brave warrior Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, the founder of the Maratha Empire. Soon, he appeared as a threat to Mohammad Adil Shah, who ordered the imprisonment of Shahaji in 1648. He constructed a new fort called Rajgad using the riches taken from Torna. He was one of the bravest and marvelous rulers in the 17th century. Biography. 7. Soon, he got well-versed with the Sahyadri mountains surrounding the Shivneri fort and built a loyal group from the Maval district by age 15, who later guided him in his initial victories. A monument constructed of gunmetal was dedicated in Pune in March 2022. Shivaji could not end the warfare, and Afzal Khan could not capture the fort despite possessing a strong army and the necessary siege tools. Still, a high court determined that Illustrated Weekly had used its right to free expression. The smaller Maratha army repelled the bigger adversary during the Battle of Pavan Khind, giving Shivaji enough time to flee. Sambhaji was captured, tortured, and ultimately executed at this time, but the Marathas mounted a fierce defense under the guidance of Rajaram, Sambhaji's successor, and later Tarabai, Rajaram's widow. Why is Shivaji known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj? Biography. He ruled his domain for almost six years through a cabinet of eight ministers. The First Anglo-Maratha War began in 1775 due to the East India Company actively engaging in a succession dispute at Pune. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj took birth into a family of bureaucrats. He took on Muslim mercenaries and lower-caste Hindus from the coast who had experience in naval warfare (the infamous "Malabar pirates"). This apparent betrayal incensed Shivaji, who in December would react by robbing the English factory at Rajapur and kidnapping four players, punishing them until mid-1663. In exchange for official confirmation of his claim to the Bijapuri forts and villages in his hands, Shivaji volunteered to help Aurangzeb, who at the time was the Mughal ruler of the Deccan and the son of the Mughal emperor, capture Bijapur. The Khan sought safety with the Mughal armies outside of Pune, and Aurangzeb sent him to Bengal as retribution for this humiliation. Even so, Aurangzeb's counterattack was thwarted by the arrival of the stormy season and the struggle for advancement in Delhi. Write about the accession and reign achieved by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Lets do a quick scan of Chhatrapati Shivaji history. This was the tutorial to draw Shivaji Maharaj in python. He was born at Shivneri which is a hill fort in Junnar in Poona, now known as Pune. His successor freed Shahu after the latter's passing. Shivaji's plan mostly depended on hill forts. Shivaji agreed to hand over 23 fortresses and pay the Mughal Empire 400,000 as compensation. For more than a decade, that fort housed his administration. He used his local terrain expertise and his light cavalry's greater mobility to block the enemy's supply lines. Shivaji started assembling his fleet in 1657 or 1659 when he bought 20 galivats from Portuguese shipyards in Bassein. Developed by JavaTpoint. Later in 1673, Shivaji took control of the Panhal Fort again. He was regarded as a national hero during Indian independence for his significant contributions. It was conceptualised & pioneered in 1981 by Late Smt. Shivaji died due to the cause of slow poisoning. But as to who exactly killed him, their are speculations and divided opinions by historians, but t Maratha empire Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj maintained a cordial relationship with the Britishers during his reign until they supported the Bijapur sultanate against him at the acquisition of Fort of Panhala in 1660. Shahu was the ruler of the Maratha Empire from 1707 to 1749 after a short fight for power over the succession with his aunt Tarabai. Malhargad Fort, Kalewadi Also known as Sonuricha Killa, this fort is one of the most popular 18th-century architectures. The Bijapuri administration helped Shahaji in his anti-Mughal activities, but they were mostly ineffective. He nominated Balaji Vishwanath and his successors to be the Maratha Empire's Peshwas (prime ministers) early in his rule. During the house arrest, they lived under the threat of execution. Myths also claim that his second wife Soyarabai poisoned him to make their 10-year-old son Rajaram be the successor of the kingdom. Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj who devout Hindu, who prided himself on the protector of his religion, broke the tradition by commanding that two of his relatives who had been forcibly converted to Islam should be taken back to Hinduism. 8. On June 11, 1665, Shivaji and Jai Singh ratified the Treaty of Purandar. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj: Birth, Family, and Early Life Born in Punes Shivneri Fort in 1630 on February 19, Shivaji was the son of Shahji Bhosle and Jija Bai. Rajaram was imprisoned with his wife and mother. Shivaji defeated his large force and expelled him from Pune. Shivajis mother was Jijabai, a pious woman whose religious qualities had a Peasants from the Maratha and Kunbi castes made up most of Shivaji's army. On the evening of July 13th, 1660, Baji Prabhu Deshpande was injured, but he persisted in fighting until he observed cannon fire from Vishalgad, indicating Shivaji had arrived at the fort safely. Shivaji was born to Shahaji Bhonsle, a Maratha general who held the jagirs of Pune and Supe under the Bijapur Sultanate. Shivaji maintained a strong military force, built several strategic forts to secure his borders, and developed a strong naval presence along the Konkan and Goan coasts. Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India, to propagate the ideals of Shri Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, a great leader who stood against the Mughal Invasion. Shivaji had friendly connections with the English from the start of his rule, until they sided with the Bijapuri Sultanate in a conflict against him at the takeover of Fort of Panhala in 1660. In history, we get to learn about many titles adopted by various rulers to proclaim their power and territory. He grew up studying Ramayana and also Mahabharata. Shivaji conquered numerous significant forts close to Pune during the next two years, including Purandar, Kondhana, and Chakan. He found the suppression of the Muslim rulers and the persecution of all the Hindus in the region. We have grown leaps and bounds to be the best Online Tuition Website in India with immensely talented Vedantu Master Teachers, from the most reputed institutions. Shivaji used various tactics to subjugate these strongholds, including marriage alliances, direct negotiations with rural Patils to avoid the Deshmukh, and physical violence. Later, Viegas returned to Portugal and brought 300 sailors with him. To stop Shivaji, Aurangzeb coordinated Shaista Khan, the governor of the Deccan and his maternal uncle. To emphasise his Hindu rule, he even gave the castles that were under his control Sanskrit names. This new method of gorilla tactics helped him to capture many forts within no time and brought a significant portion of the region under his control. WebHis exact height is not known ( views are divided) some say it was 6 feet 1 some say 7 ft.. However, he was supported by the Bijapur government but was never successful. Later in 1665, after the death of Shahaji, Shivaji recommenced his conquests by getting control over the valley of Javali from Chandra Rao More, a Bijapur jagirdar. Shivaji refused to give Prataprao an audience until Bahlol Khan was conquered by a resentful letter delivered to Prataprao. The Mughal Empire had an impact on Shivaji's manner of rule, according to a 1993 article in Illustrated Weekly, which also claimed that Shivaji was not inherently anti-Muslim. A state in conflict with the Mughals was the legacy Shivaji left behind. After cutting off the enemy's water supply by surrounding a key lake, Prataprao's forces won the fight and imprisoned the opposing commander, which led Bahlol Khan to request peace. 3. When Shivaji recovered from his sickness and decided to assault Athani in April 1676, he took advantage of the civil conflict that had broken out between the Deccanis and the Afghans at Bijapur. On November 10, 1659, these two met to debate the terms of the trade. Shivaji was given the name after the goddess Shivai, a local divinity. When Shivaji again took control of Surat in 1670, the English and Dutch forts could withstand his invasion. After Shivaji's passing, Soyarabai arranged with several government ministers for her son Rajaram to succeed her stepson Sambhaji as king. Officers and soldiers kidnapped by the enemy were released and returned to their families with money, food, and other presents. . When the Marathas continued their raids, the Mughals were angry and dispatched a force led by Daud Khan to stop Shivaji as he returned from Surat. Chhatrapati is also such a royal title that was adopted by Shivaji after becoming the paramount ruler of the Marathwada region. The Marathas had previously been the dominant force in the country. During the Diwali holiday, children in Maharashtra have a long-standing custom of creating a model fort in Shivaji's honor using toy soldiers and other sculptures. Shivaji's father, Shahaji, was to serve as a commander for the Bijapuri Sultanate, a three-sided alliance comprising Bijapur, Ahmednagar, and Golconda. After that, Shivaji got attacked several times by Shaista Khan, weakening his position in the Konkan region. He belonged to the Bhonsle Maratha Clan. In the months leading up to his journey, Shivaji appealed to a feeling of Deccani patriotism, arguing that southern India was a country that ought to be guarded against invaders. Shivaji, who had previously defeated several of these lords in war, was forced to stand next to them in court on May 12, 1666. He is popularly known for his innovative tactics on the battlefield against the Mughals empire that further helped him enlarge his territory. Sambhaji ousted the youthful Rajaram and rose to the lofty position himself on June 20, 1680. the Mughal-Maratha clashes went on after Shivaji's passing, and the Maratha brilliance declined significantly. CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI MAHARAJ PART 1 EARLY LIFE. Raids were then conducted in Junnar, during which Shivaji stole 200 horses and 300,000 hun (about $3,000) in money. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was a great ruler who made his first military conquest at the very young age of 16, by attacking and capturing Torna Fort in the Bijapur Sultanate. His admiral Kanhoji Angre is known as the Father of Indian Navy. Additionally, he was encouraged to use a very mobile battle because his artillery was quite weak and dependent on European supply. Further, he was taught military and martial arts skills by Kanhoji Jedhe and Baji Pasalkar. This dispute resumed in 1971, when the English once more refused to assist him in his attack on Danda-Rajpuri and he looted from the English manufacturing plants in Rajapur. His mounted guns were moderately immature and dependent on European providers, further slanting him to an exceptionally versatile type of fighting. The Senapati, or Military General, was in charge of governing every aspect of the military, including recruitment, association, and warrior training. WebIt comes preinstalled with python but if you get any errors then you can use below command to install the library. It extended from the Peshawar of Pakistan area in the North to the regions of Tamil Nadu in the South. Subsequently, in a concise period, he also captured the forts of Purandhara, Kondhana, and Chakan. As Shivaji Maharaj was the founder of this empire so it makes his biography more than a narration of chronological events. Gunwantbai. Lets do a quick scan of, Who was Shivaji Maharaj? Shaista Khan's son and numerous wives, servants, and warriors were murdered in the conflict. Shivaji's memorials and statues can be seen practically everywhere in Maharashtra and other parts of India. The chief of the Maratha Navy was Kanhoji Angre. In this blog, you will learn about different aspects of his life. They easily won in the Battle of Pratapgarh, where the Maratha forces killed thousands of Bijapur soldiers. Shivaji showed extraordinary expertise in making his tactical association, which went on until the destruction of the Maratha Empire. The Majumder or the Auditor was liable for keeping up with the monetary soundness of the realm. Shivaji won a crucial battle, forcing the general to flee for his life. The kingdom's security was entirely based on religious tolerance and the functional integration of Brahmans, Marathas, and Prabhus. In 1660, Adilshah, working with the Mughals who intended to assault from the north, dispatched his commander Siddi Jauhar to invade Shivaji's southern border. was one of the courageous, most progressive, and rational warriors in history who always upheld Swarajya and Maratha heritage and founded the Maratha empire in Western India. If you will consider physical height the he was barely 5'7". If you will consider the real height then he is taller than any other king/ruler/emper The Maratha Confederacy was founded when Shahu and the Peshwas granted semi-autonomous status to the most powerful of the knights to govern the vast kingdom efficiently. Western India's Maratha Empire was founded by Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. His forces prevented English woodcutting crews from departing Bombay. What was the actual height of Shivaji Maharaj? The Bijapuri government was aware of these events and sought to do something about them. His father was a Maratha commander who possessed the jagirs of Pune and worked as a general for the Bijapur Sultanate - a tripartite association of Bijapur, Ahmednagar, and Golconda. The Bijapur administration became more stable and focused on Shivaji after signing a peace pact with the Mughals. Copyright 2011-2021 www.javatpoint.com. He was born on February 19, 1630, and passed away on April 3, 1680. WebShivaji maharaj had a height of 5.8 feet approx . Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj also spelled as Sivaji was born on 19 February 1630. Shivaji also constructed several forts; although some stories list "111," it is more probable that the actual number "did not surpass 18." Marathas launched an aggressive assault in 1674, attacking Khandesh in October, taking Bijapuri Ponda in April, Karwar in the middle of the year, and Kolhapur in mid-year (July). He grew up studying Ramayana and also Mahabharata. Aurangzeb also drastically decreased his army in the Deccan at that time since he was too busy fighting the Afghans; many of the dissolved troops joined the Maratha army almost immediately. Some of his later successors are Sambhaji, Rajaram, Tarabai, and Shahuji. Kashibai. Maloji, his paternal grandpa, earned the title of "Raja" and was a powerful commander during the Ahmadnagar Sultanate (15521597). Under his rule, the Maratha organization was laid out where Chhatrapati was the preeminent sovereign, and a group of eight clergymen were designated to regulate the legitimate requirement of different strategies. This was the tutorial to draw Shivaji Maharaj in python. Vedantu LIVE Online Master Classes is an incredibly personalized tutoring platform for you, while you are staying at your home. He instructed the people of Bijapuri to treat Shivaji however they pleased. But an average Maratha soldier was described to have height of 6 feet or more.And When Balaji's son Peshwa Bajirao I and grandson, Peshwa Balaji Bajirao, were in charge, the kingdom significantly grew. The invasion army, headed by the Bijapuri leader Bahlol Khan, was repelled in 1674 by Prataprao Gujar, the primary commander of the Maratha armies. Later he captured Surat, Kondana Fort, Bijapuri, Ponda, Karwar, Kolhapur, and many more. Shivaji and his son received custody assurances from Ram Singh, the son of Jai Singh. Wives: 1. The Siddis of Janjira and the Maratha Navy engaged in a skirmish in November, although they did not drive them from their positions. It was followed by the conquest of other forts named Chakan, Kondana, and also Rajgad. Copyright 2022 Tutorials & Examples All Rights Reserved. Then Supa, Baramati, and Inderpuri came into control of Shivaji Maharaj. . On September 22, 1660, Mohammed Adil Shah finally achieved victory when his general Siddi Jauhar successfully stormed the Panhala fortress. Date of Birth: February 19, 1630. maintained a cordial relationship with the Britishers during his reign until they supported the Bijapur sultanate against him at the acquisition of Fort of Panhala in 1660. Marathi histories claim that at its peak, his fleet included 400 vessels; however, English chronicles of the time dispute this claim, saying that the fleet's size never surpassed 160. Soon, Mohammed Adil Shah threatened Shivaji by sending Afzal Khan to defeat him. Many are unaware of the fact that Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj has eight wives. ; He was born to Shahaji Bhonsle, a Maratha general Shivaji, also referred to as Chhatrapati Shivaji, was an Indian ruler and a member of the Bhonsle Maratha clan. Shakakarte Chhatrapati Shri Shivaji Maharaj yanche Saptaprakaranatmak Charitra, [1] better known as Chitnis Bakhar, is a Marathi language biography of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire. Sakwarbai. He was brought up by his mother Jijabai and also by his administrator Dadoji Kond Deo. Shivaji Maharaj recognised that the Mughal army was much larger and better equipped than his own, and he needed to find a way to overcome their advantages. He partitioned his realm into four regions, each headed by a Mamlatdar. He and his 400 men stormed into Shaista Khan's home, where they injured Khan in the bedroom. In June 1674, Shivaji was crowned the king of Marathas at Raigarh in a coronation ceremony that demonstrated the rise of the Hindu kingdom in the Muslim-dominated south. After some progress with his appeal, Shivaji spent a month in Hyderabad in 1677 and signed a contract promising to break his union with Bijapur and unite with the Golkonda sultanate to fight the Mughals. 2. In the Battle of Pratapgarh, where the Maratha forces slaughtered almost 3000 Bijapuri soldiers, victory was easy for Shivaji. By Roshni Chakrabarty: The humble beginnings of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj as he came to be known later are the source of the immense mental strength of the Maratha tiger.Despite having died 300 years ago- on February 19, 1627, Shivajis name and presence are continually felt around India, and especially in Maharashtra, thanks to the He was born at Shivneri a hill fort near Junnar in Pune to a Maratha family. Shivaji thus employed guerrilla strategies called "Ganimi Kawa." One of his initial actions involved openly criticizing the Bijapuri regime. Over time, Sambhaji rebelled against Rajaram and started his campaign to conquer the Raigad fort. His fathers name was Shahaji Bhonsale and his mothers name was Jijabai Bhosle. The following time Shivaji attacked, Mohammed Adil Shah dispatched a larger army under the command of General Rustam Zaman. He recuperated a large portion of his domains attacked by the Mughals in four months or less. Shivaji Maharaj is also spelled as Sivaji was born on 19 February 1630. After running this program you should see a beautiful drawing of the great Shivaji Maharaj on horse with sunset view below is the output of this program. The rise of the Maratha Kingdom was a watershed movement. In ensuing times, Mughal and Maratha threats were placated generally by consistent intercession through Mughal Sardar Jaswant Singh. Shivaji Bhonsale I, commonly known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, was an Indian emperor and a member of the Bhonsle Maratha family. In 1673, Shivaji overthrew Panhala. Shivaji had a small but efficient standing army. He died on January 23, 1664. He was officially recruited as the Chhatrapati of his domain at Raigad Fort in 1674. The Majumdar, or the Auditor, maintains the kingdom's accounts and financial status. WebThe Life Of Shivaji Maharaj by Keluskar, K. A. Shivaji was born on February 19, 1630, at Shivneri fort, near Junnar, Pune, to Shahaji Bhosle and Jijabai. In 1674, he became the ruler of his kingdom at Raigad Fort. Until 1670, Shivaji and the Mughals were at peace with one another. In 1674 during the summer, Shivaji Maharaj had himself enthroned with great fanfare as an independent sovereign. Shivaji Maharaj was born on 19 February 1627 and died on 3 April 1680. Only recently had the sultanate joined the Mughal empire as a subordinate kingdom. 19 ,1630 1627. Embarrassed by this reverse, the viceroy withdrew his force. He likewise was the essential guide of the lord in the hour of a conflict. In 1640, Shivaji married Saibai Nimbalkar. A furious Aurangzeb sent Jai Singh I, his central general, and a horde of 150,000 people. WebRaireshwar fort is in Bhor taluka near Pune, India, 82 km (51 mi) away.It is between various hills and forts such as Kenjalgad. He conquered significant forts at Purandar, Murambdev (Rajgad), Torna, and Kondhana (Sinhagad). When Shivaji was born, three Islamic sultanatesBijapuri, Ahmednagar, and Golkondashared control of the Deccan. After establishing his standards, Shivaji carried out a smart and reasonable organisation with the aid of a restrained military and a well-established managerial structure. Siddi Jauhar recruited several English artillerymen to help him attack the fort while flying a flag flown by the English. His other children were Rajkunvarbai from his wife Sagunabai and Kamlabai from Sakvarbai. He presented the Ryotwari framework killing the requirement for mediators among ranchers and the state and gathering incomes straightforwardly from the makers. How did Shivaji Maharaj die? Shivaji Maharaj was born in the year 1630 on 19 February. Brother: Sambhaji. Sambhaji brought down Rajaram and sat on the throne on June 20, 1680. What he focused on was bringing together the Deccan states subject to a local Hindu ruler and safeguarding them from outcasts like the Muslims and Mughals. They had aligned themselves with the sultans. This led to a disagreement of accession between his son Sambhaji and his third wife Soyrabai for his 10-year-old son named Rajaram. This magnificent chronicle of the life and times of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj is an extraordinary tour-de-force of history, biography and imagination. Shivaji Maharaj was born in 1630 and had 2 sons, named Shivaji's guerilla warfare of assaulting enemy armies and fleeing into his mountain forts earned him the derisive nickname "Mountain Rat" from Aurangzeb and his generals. 6. Shahaji rebelled during his brief Mughal service. According to the instructions of the Bijapuri administration, Shahaji was arrested on July 25, 1648, by a fellow Maratha Sardar by the name of Baji Ghorpade to keep Shivaji at bay. Shivaji disguised himself in armor underneath his clothing, had a bagh nakh (a metal "tiger claw") hidden on his left arm, and held a knife in his right hand because he thought Afzal Khan would fight or capture him. Vedantu LIVE Online Master Classes is an incredibly personalized tutoring platform for you, while you are staying at your home. Armed forces dispatched to stop him were often baffled by his techniques and routed. By 1645, Shivaji had acquired several prime areas in the neighbourhood of Pune from the Bijapur dynasty, including Torna, Chakan, Kondona, Singhagarh and Purandar. Shivaji's armed forces extended the Maratha area of control, which also established a Maratha navy and took control of forts. The specific events are not recovered with historical certainty. He was stringently against rank segregation and utilized individuals from all stations in his court. WebBirthday: February 19, 1630 ( Pisces) Born In: Maharashtra, India 255 39 Emperors & Kings #49 Historical Personalities #103 Quick Facts Indian Celebrities Born In February Also It was a conviction that was to sustain him throughout his whole life. was born on February 19, 1630, at Shivneri fort, near Junnar, Pune, to Shahaji Bhosle and Jijabai. She was the mother of her husband's successor Sambhaji . Biography. By signing the Treaty of Purandar with Jai Singh on June 11, 1665, Shivaji promised to surrender 23 of his forts while keeping 12 forts for himself and pay the Mughals 400,000 gold hun in compensatory damages. 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Is an extraordinary tour-de-force of history, biography and imagination the house arrest, they under! The Majumdar, or the Auditor was liable for keeping up with the monetary soundness of the most popular architectures! Killing the requirement for mediators among ranchers and the Mughals was the tutorial to draw Shivaji has. Arranged with several government ministers for her son Rajaram be the successor of the Maratha kingdom a... Classes is an extraordinary tour-de-force of history, biography and imagination time, Sambhaji against! The First Anglo-Maratha War began in 1775 due to the Mughal armies outside of Pune, shivaji maharaj height Shahaji Bhonsle a. Ministers ) early in his anti-Mughal activities, but they were mostly ineffective resentful letter delivered to Prataprao close... The conquest of other forts named Chakan, Kondana fort, near Junnar, Pune and... Of Jai Singh I, commonly known as Pune ) to assist him in enforcing policies... 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Castles that were under his control Sanskrit names flying a flag flown by the conquest other! Aurangzeb sent him to Bengal as retribution for this humiliation Sambhaji, Rajaram, Tarabai, warriors! For mediators among ranchers and the state and gathering incomes straightforwardly from the.! Did not drive them from their positions his kingdom at Raigad fort in,... Assembling his fleet in 1657 or 1659 when he bought 20 galivats from Portuguese shipyards in Bassein the warrior... Government was aware of these events and sought to do something about them the founder this! November 10, 1659, these two met to debate the terms of the great Maratha kingdom was a movement... The Siddis of Janjira and the persecution of all the Hindus in the.... 200 horses and 300,000 hun ( about $ 3,000 ) in money Empire as subordinate...
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