is ambazonia a country in africa

The pro-Biafran movement, led by Nigerias minority ethnic Igbo community, has deep historical roots. Activists across Africa have watched in amazement as the EFF in its short existence have successfully championed the course of the African people and has spoken severally about the plight of the Ambazonian people. Weekly update on developments in India and its neighbors. However, many towns and villages in the hinterlands had no German administration and may have only seen German soldiers a handful of times. The last few years have brought historic challenges for multinational companies. Countries of Africa: . Cameroon cracks down on Anglophone separatists. Explore the benefits included in your subscription. Still, escalating violence in southeastern Nigeria and western Cameroon will only add to national and regional security challenges at a time when the region is already struggling with plummeting economies, democratic backsliding, and a resurgence of violent extremism and terrorism. Business Name: OverReacher Empire Corporation In 1993, the All Anglophone Conference took place in Buea bringing together all Southern Cameroons citizens who called for the restoration of the federal system. The Tide. Similar communal violenceoften following farmer-grazer and ethnic lineshas flared across Mali, Niger, Chad, and Burkina Faso. } Green strip stands for the fertility of the land. In May 1985, he was arrested, imprisoned, and then put under house arrest for three years before escaping first to Nigeria and then to the United Kingdom.[36]. The panelists included Anne Richards, CEO of Fidelity International; Carmine Di Sibio, CEO of Ernst & Young; Mathias Miedreich, CEO of Umicore; and Lubna S. Olayan, chair of the executive committee of Olayan Financing Company. [51] On 4 February 2018, it was announced that US-based preacher Dr. Samuel Ikome Sako would become the Interim President of the Federal Republic of Ambazonia, temporarily succeeding Ayuk Tabe. Most of Ambazonia has a tropical monsoon climate, with the coastal plain containing some of the rainiest places in the world (such as the village of Debundscha). The term "Ambazonia" is derived from the word Ambozes, the local name for the bay area at the mouth of the Wouri (now Douala) river. Chinese domestic instability could encourage the CCP to attack the Taiwanese archipelagos of Kinmen and Matsu. [4] They are also encouraged to seek advice from tribal leaders regarding certain issues (land management, cultural protection etc.). [44] At least 17 people were killed in protests following the declaration of independence, while fourteen Cameroonian troops were killed in attacks claimed by the Ambazonia Defence Forces. [43] Although the government established a Commission to focus on Anglophone grievances and took steps to address issues of language equity in courts and schools, continued distrust and harsh responses to protests prevented significant deescalation. Meanwhile, Cameroonian security forces have funneled weapons to the Mbororo communities that have gone on to attack English-speaking farmers, a CHRDA report notes. fbq('init', '157204581336210'); Addendum document A/4727", "Cameroon's Anglophone Crisis at the Crossroads", "memo of 12th April 1966 of the french ambassador in Cameroon to the french foreign minister", "Gorji-Dinka v. Cameroon, Comm. [37], Cameroon: Confusion as detained Ambazonia leader impeached by peers, "Cameroon: Regions, Major Cities & Towns Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information", Cameroons Anglophone separatists have created their own cryptocurrency, "Cameroon Head of State's Message to the Nation 2019", "Cameroon Humanitarian Response Plan (March 2021)", Ambazonia War drowns SDF 28th Anniversary, "Cameroon's Anglophone crisis is threatening to spin out of control", "Cameroon's Anglophone crisis: The imminent brink of war", "President cracks down on, shuts Anglophone universities", "Cameroon continues its oppression of English speakers", Separatist Welcome Biyas Military Option, Say They Are Ready, "Three Indicted for Involvement in Violent Crisis in Cameroon", "Cameroon's Anglophone crisis: Red Dragons and Tigers", https://www.ambazoniagov.org/index.php/about-us/who-we-are, "Cameroon Separatists Enforce Curfew After President Says Troops Crushing Rebellion", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=States_of_Ambazonia&oldid=1134368978, Ambazonian or Ambalander or Southern Cameroonians, This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 09:56. Despite long years of fighting, the two countries now work together after a negotiated agreement to grant Ethiopia access to the sea; something that underscores that everything always ends up at the negotiating table, regardless of the outcome. facebookTracking(); Akole, a 45-year-old father from Menji in the southwest, says that when the government "realises that you are from the English-speaking part of the country, you don't deserve being alive". Click + to receive email alerts when new stories are published on Several different armed factions have emerged such as the Red Dragons, Tigers, ARA, Seven Kata, ABL, with varying levels of coordination with and loyalty to Ambazonian political leaders. Symbolism (Black stands for the People and Culture. Tribal leaders are recognized by the constitution and have tribal authority. On a hierarchy of national land areas, Ambazonia is perched between Denmark and the Netherlands. Many militias have sought to enforce a total school strike since 2017 due to concerns over the lack of Anglophone teachers and curriculum. Ainsi va l'Afrique. The Nigerians have failed to act, the international community has failed to act, so we have no other choice but to get into an alliance that can better our chances to defend ourselves.. Under the Lyttleton Constitution of Nigeria in 1954, Southern Cameroons gained limited autonomy as a Quasi-Region within the Nigerian Federation. [18], In 1957, United Nations Resolutions 1064 (XI) of 26 Feb 1957 and 1207 (XII) of Dec 13, 1957 called on the Administering Authorities to hasten arrangements for Trust territories to attain self-governance or independence. The 10 Anglophone separatists, who call their country Ambazonia, were among the 47 Anglophone Cameroonians arrested in Nigeria in January 2018. . Counties are further divided into Districts (Local Government Areas) governed by a District Officer who is voted into office during State elections. [57], The war has been characterized by guerilla attacks by separatist militias against both security forces and against civilians suspected of collaboration or simply failing to abide militia's declared school and election boycotts or "lockdowns" which prevent all travel and activity. Green stands for the fertility and growth of the land. In 1858, British missionary Alfred Saker founded a settlement for freed slaves at the bay which was later renamed Victoria. Business Insider and the Africa Collective initiative it supports presents the top 5 oil producing countries in Africa for December 2022. Political exclusion, economic exploitation and cultural assimilation were criticized more and more openly. They stretch from the South along the border of Cameroon to the North where they go to the highlands of Bamenda. [5] The violence developed into a guerrilla war, and as of 2021[update], clashes continue, with population centers and strategic locations largely controlled by the government engaged in counterinsurgency actions, with swathes of more remote, rural areas controlled by separatist militias and used to launch guerrilla attacks. n.callMethod ? Fax number: 240-556-0535 [4] n.queue = []; The successful joining of the two increasingly violent groups is likely to trigger a heightened response from both Cameroonian and Nigerian armed forces, which already work together to counter a Boko Haram insurgency in the northern regions of both countries. Logically, I would have expected the UN to give them the option of gaining independence and stand on their own, Henry Baaboh said. Briefing: Cameroon's intensifying conflict and what it means for civilians, "Gorji Dinka Releases Ambazonia Message | CameroonPostline", "Cameroon Head of State's Message to the Nation 2019", "Cameroon Humanitarian Response Plan (March 2021)", "Colonial Administrative Integration of African Territories: Identity and Resistance in Nigeria's Southern Cameroons, 19221961", "United Nations Trusteeship Council. Join in-depth conversations and interact with foreign-policy experts with. [40] Several demonstrations were violently dispersed by security forces, leading to clashes between demonstrators and police in which several people were killed. n.push = n; Ambazonia News would "thank God" for saving Africa from the worst of the pandemic but that too is one of the biggest weaknesses of the African continent! Olive tree branch stands for Peace and the Hammer stands for Determination of the people). Located between the Gulf of Guinea and Central Africa, during the colonial era the country's southern part . Observers have previously suggested that the Cameroonian government has rerouted U.S.-origin military equipment and U.S.-trained military personnel from the fight against Boko Haram in Cameroons Far North region to the Anglophone conflict in the Northwest and Southwest regionsand in 2019, the U.S. government reduced military spending to Cameroon over human rights abuses. Ambazonia is admitted to the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. if (DWDE.dsgvo.isStoringCookiesOkay()) { For barrister Henry Baaboh, there is no need for a referendum like the ones which were held in Spains Catalan region or the Kurdish territory in Iraq. t.async = !0; If independent, Ambazonia would share maritime boundaries with Nigeria , the Republic of Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea . Red disk stands for the Blood and strength of the people. White stands for Hope, Peace and wisdom under God. The States are governed by a State Governor who is elected into office by a Plurality vote. It raises the question: How do companies with large global footprints decide which side to pick? From the east and southeast, it is surrounded by the Indian Ocean . Germany continued to consolidate its control over the coast through agreements with local leaders backed up by military expeditions. Fruit stands for success (fruits of labour). [34], Flag of Meme. [60] France, the UK as well as the European Parliament have also expressed concern and pushed for negotiations between the parties to resolve the crisis. Blue stands for the Menchum River and surrounding lakes, as well as Liberty. Ambazonia, officially the Federal Republic of Ambazonia is a secessionist state of Cameroon, self-proclamed in its English-speaking regions. In 1984, a group of English speaking people, led by renowned lawyer and leader of the Widikum people, Fon Gorji Dinka, unilaterally declared the Republic of Ambazonia. This was in retaliation to the move by French speaking President Paul Biya to unilaterally change the name of the country from United Republic of Cameroon to Republic of Cameroon. Whereas I spent all my life fighting to have a deep sea port in Limbe(Victoria) developed, this project had to be shelved and instead an expensive pipeline is to be built from SONARA in Limbe to Douala in order to pipe the oil to Douala. Email: theafricannation@gmail.com, 2022 All Right Reserved by The African Nation. The Bahamas represents how global capitalism can go very right, and very wrong, at exactly the same time. [16], The Federal Republic of Southern Cameroon/Ambazonia is a federation made up of Three Autonomous States, namely Equatorial State, Midland State and Savannah State. Of late, we at FP have been wondering: What can Russias war in Ukraine teach the world going forward? 1961. And what happens if the United States and China continue down a path of decoupling? ), Flag of the Midland State. [31], Flag of Manyu.Symbolism (Green stands for the growth. In 1975, the government removed one of the two stars from the flag, another symbol of the federation between two states, creating a new flag with a single star. [34] In February 1984, Biya changed the official name of the country from the United Republic of Cameroon the name adopted after unification with the Southern Cameroons - back to the Republic of Cameroon. In 1858,. Military Excesses Its Friday December 14, 2018, and the Mile 17 bus station in Buea, capital of the South West Region, is busy like a beehive. It is located between Nigeria to the west and north, and Cameroun to the east; it is wedged between West Africa and the former French Equatorial Africa. Ambazonia Interim Government, a separatist group in Cameroon, has emphasised that its agitations for a separate country have nothing in common with that of the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB). De facto, Buea is the capital. The Ambazonia dispute arose from the disposition of Germany's African colonies after World War I. European traders from several nations visited Ambas Bay beginning with the Portuguese in the 1470s. This adds to the volatility engulfing Cameroon as the country gears up for a presidential election in 2018. Red disk stands for the Blood[26] and strength of the people. Your guide to the most important world stories of the day. All projects of the former West Cameroon I had either initiated or held very dear to my heart had to be taken over, mismanaged and ruined, e.g. On the west towards the border to Nigeria the lowlands of the Mamfe basin can be found. Ambazonia must be an independent African country Kontak stasiun radio. [8], The term "Ambazonia" is derived from the word Ambozes, the local name for the bay at the mouth of the Wouri river, known in English as Ambas Bay. [31] They have additionally argued that the new constitution was legally invalid since changes to the 1961 Constitution required approval from a majority of members of the Federal Assembly (legislature) and from each of the two constituent states, and that the new constitution was never approved by a majority of West Cameroonian legislators. In 1914, as World War I began, British forces from British Nigeria and French forces from French Equatorial Africa and Gabon attacked German Kamerun. Red stands for Blood and strength of the people. Separatist Movements in Nigeria and Camero BUEA, CameroonFor the past five years, factions of a secessionist movement in southeastern Nigeria and a pro-independence movement in western Cameroon have been gathering momentum, mobilizing supporters through social media, and clashing with government security forces in both countries. Zinchenko: Soccer symbolises Ukraine fight, Pender County Humane Society holding Pet Pals Foto Fundraiser, UK government bonds sell off on higher interest rate expectations, Bishops in western Cameroon concerned war will keep kids from school, Several killed in Cameroon as anglophones declare independent Ambazonia EURACTIV.com, Biafra, Ambazonia, Oduduwa to march at EU headquarters, says IPOB | The Guardian Nigeria News, Latin American exports lose momentum in 2022 and 2023, report by IDB Bank MercoPress, VSBLTY Selected As A Systems Integrator For Intel Smart Edge, AMBAZONIA ARMAGEDDON: Sinkhole Swallowing BIR Terrorists And Paul Biyas Militia Zombies, Keir Starmer says Rishi Sunak should apologise for lethal chaos in NHS under his watch UK politics live | Politics, Latest Updates From the World Economic Forum, Yakima Humane Society participating in 'Betty White Challenge' KIMA CBS 29. The problem is that when European powers partitioned Africa, they split up families, relatives and communities that got along very well, whereas in some cases, communities that were enemies or competed against each other were bundled together into one territory, Jrgen Zimmerer, a historian at the University of Hamburg, told DW. Moreover, Nigerian and Cameroonian security forces have repeatedly violated human rights to quell the protests. It is bordered by Nigeria to the northwest; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; the Republic of the Congo to the southeast; Gabon and Equatorial Guinea to the south; and the Atlantic Ocean to the southwest. Watch FPs Ravi Agrawal in conversation with two of the contributors to the magazines cover story, Anne-Marie Slaughter and retired Gen. David Petraeus, as they reflect on whats surprised themand how to prevent future wars. Blue stands for the Sky, the Momo River, Liberty and perseverance. One-stop digest of politics, economics, and culture. [30] Ambazonian nationalists have claimed that the referendum was not free and fair. The Southern Cameroonians whom I brought into the Union have been ridiculed and referred to as "les Biafrians" (Biafrans), "les enemies dans la maison" (enemies within the house), "les traitres' (traitors), etc., and the constitutional provisions which protected this Southern Cameroonian minority have been suppressed, their voices drowned while the rule of the gun has replaced the dialogue which Southern Cameroonians cherish very much. County-Ministers are responsible for the development of their counties, both socially and economically. Other countries outside of the African continent have been involved in cryptocurrency initiatives. The name Ambazonia comes from the Ambas Bay. Reports of indiscriminate killings, torture, rape and other gender-based violence by both sides have been widely reported. The star stands for Leadership and prosperity. Just over the border, armed separatist groups are fighting to carve out Cameroons English-speaking Northwest and Southwest regions into a breakaway state called Ambazonia. One critical concession was to require that laws applying to both states could only be adopted by the federal assembly if a majority of deputies in both federated states vote for them. Blue stands for Liberty and perseverance. Major non-ASC groups include the Ambazonia Defence Forces (ADF) and the Southern Cameroons Defence Forces (SOCADEF), which both cooperate with the ASC on some level.[61]. The top of Mount Cameroon has a polar climate of the tundra variant, unique in West Africa and extremely rare so close to the Equator.[64]. Some speculate that this is the result of a partnership, announced in April, between one of the major Cameroonian secessionist groups, the Ambazonia Governing Council, and the Indigenous People of . District Officers/Prefects are responsible for management of infrastructure, services and justice and may seek advice from tribal leaders if needed. II, at 194 (HRC 2005)", "The All Anglophone Conference (April 23, 1993)", "Cameroon teachers, lawyers strike in battle for English", "Cameroon restores internet to English-speaking region", "A Turn for the Worse: Violence and Human Rights Violations in Anglophone Cameroon", "Southern Cameroons gets new government with Sessekou Ayuk Tabe as Interim President", "Cameroon government 'declares war' on secessionist rebels", "Cameroon's English-speakers call for independence", "Biya declares war on Anglophone separatists The SUN Newspaper, Cameroon", "Cameroon escalates military crackdown on Anglophone separatists", Cameroon's Anglophone crisis: Red Dragons and Tigers the rebels fighting for independence, Just In-Dr Samuel Ikome Sako Is New Acting Interim President of The Federal Republic of Ambazonia, "Just In-Dr Samuel Ikome Sako Is New Acting Interim President of The 'Federal Republic of Ambazonia' Cameroon News Agency", "Cameroon: Separatist leader and followers handed life sentences | DW | 20.08.2019", "Ambazonia Leader Sisiku Ayuktabe Dissolves Sako Caretaker Government, Re-installs Own Cabinet", "UN Security Council to Discuss Cameroon's Escalating Crisis", "Cameroon: UN Security Council to discuss Anglophone crisis", "Caught in the middle: Peace activists in Cameroon try to end a brutal war", "HRW World Report 2020: Rights Trends in Cameroon", "U.S. Reduces Military Aid to Cameroon Over Human Rights Abuses", Cameroon: I spent a week embedded with Anglophone armed separatists, "Wettest Places on Earth by Annual Rainfall", "Present and future Kppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ambazonia&oldid=1134346804, This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 06:41. The latest news, analysis, and data from the country each week. SCACUF sought to transition itself into an interim government with its leader, Sisiku Ayuk Tabe Julius, as interim president. Emblem of Ambazonia.svg 512 512; 140 KB. Many inhabitants identify as Anglophones and resent what they perceive as discrimination and efforts to eliminate Anglophone legal, administrative, educational, and cultural institutions by the Cameroonian government. Red disk stands for the blood of those who died for the struggle. Briefing House of Commons Library", "Report for the US Department of Justice: Pressure Groups in Southern Cameroons", "1608 (XV) The future of the Trust Territory of the Cameroons under United Kingdom administration. The Germans, who had established substantial trading centers to the southeast on the Wouri River delta (modern Douala), and the British, who had extensive interests to the west in Nigeria, both raced to sign agreements with local rulers. In 1995, over the objection of some Anglophone Cameroonians, Cameroon was admitted to the Commonwealth of Nations recognizing former Southern Cameroon's history as a British colony. Armed alliance between IPOB, Ambazonia could destabilise West and Central Africa; Daniel admitted in an interview with Foreign Policy that the alliance could destabilise West and Central Africa, with Nigeria being the largest economy in West Africa, and Cameroon, one of the major countries in Central Africa. Then RusShow moresia invaded Ukraine, and businesses around the world confronted a decision on whether to pull out of the Russian market. Anglophones from Southern Cameroons are calling for an independent and sovereign nation they call Ambazonia. On April 26, five government security forces were killed in Port Harcourt. A Biafra-Ambazonia weapons exchange will bolster the Anglophone separatist movement. A development in which Fulanis become major actors, for better or for worse, in a country like Cameroon then gets exacerbated in Nigeria because of its own demographics and population categorizations, said Fomunyoh, of the National Democratic Institute. As a young boy, I knew of the West Cameroon Federation State and the East Cameroon Federation State.. Growth rate, median age, fertility rate, area, density, population density, urbanization, urban population, share of world population. In response, armed separatist groupswith substantial funding from Anglophone Cameroonians living abroad, according to a local aid worker who asked to remain anonymousrapidly mobilized against government security forces. Despite a shared religion, the increasing involvement of Fulani in Cameroons Anglophone conflict is unlikely to fuse with the Boko Haram insurgency in the Far North region, and there is no evidence to suggest there has been a merging of the conflicts thus far, according to Akem Kelvin Nkwain, a human rights officer at CHRDA. Black fist stands for power and justice). Want to read more on this topic or region? [58][43][59] The governments of the United States and Germany have expressed concern over the human rights violations and scaled back or cancelled military cooperation with Cameroon over reported abuses. [33] On 6 November 1982, Ahidjo resigned and handed over power to Paul Biya who continued Ahidjo's policies and, after a falling out with Ahidjo and attempted coup by Ahidjo supporters, consolidated power in himself. 1134/2002, U.N. Doc. The term Ambazonia is more usually associated with the separatist or independence-seeking faction, while the Cameroonian government and other official sources, such as the UN, continue to refer to the "Northwest Region" and "Southwest Region" (or sometimes the "NoSo" regions), the official names of the two administrative provinces since 1972. Address: 11207A Lockwood Drive, Silver Spring, MD 20901, Phone Number: (301) 593-4879 Black stands for the People and Culture. [23], Flag of Menchum.Symbolism (Red stands for the Blood and strength of the people. Many of the problems from the initial draft have been solved. By late 2017, with dialogue efforts moribund and violence continuing on both sides, the leading Ambazonian nationalist movements organized the umbrella organization Southern Cameroons Ambazonia Consortium United Front (SCACUF). Separatist Movements in Nigeria and Cameroon Are Joining Forces Gorji Dinka became the first head of the Ambazonia Restoration Council. Blue stands for Liberty and perseverance). Western Africa Map showing the 16 countries of Western Africa Benin Burkina Faso Cabo Verde Gambia Ghana Guinea Endeley emerged as leader of the Quasi-Region of Southern Cameroons, with his official title being Leader of Government Business. Download the FP mobile app to read anytime, anywhere. Until 1961, the region was a British colony, Southern Cameroons, while the rest of Cameroon was a French colony, French Cameroon. [16], The British Cameroons Administration Ordinance, 1924 divided British Cameroons into the Northern Cameroons (administered as part of Northern Nigeria) and the Southern Cameroons (administered as part of Eastern Nigeria). Although the government has made some concessions, it must rebuild mutual trust with Anglophone actors in order to avoid instability ahead of the 2018 general elections. (Various separatist leaders deny that financial support has waned; however, fighters and aid workers on the ground confirm that extortion of war taxes and kidnap-for-ransom schemes are now the main income source to support ongoing fighting.) Paul Biyas regime is ignoring the battle against Boko Haram and the Islamic State and using foreign counterterrorism assistance to fund its brutal repression of citizens with legitimate grievances. Watch the full interview for insights on how industry thinks about deglobalization, the U.S.-China rivalry, the war in Ukraine, and much more. Challenges for multinational companies How do companies with large global footprints decide which to. Development of their counties, both socially and economically topic or region problems from the and... Stretch from the east and southeast, it is surrounded by is ambazonia a country in africa Indian.... Government with its leader, Sisiku Ayuk Tabe Julius, as interim president been wondering: can! 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