The Greek word epi when used with the genitive as in ts kephal means over or upon. Some scholars would say he wasnt even middle of the pack. Griesbach at the end of the eighteenth century produced a critical text and a critical theory which provided the model for the nineteenth-century assault on the Textus Receptus. Received his Th.D. These . In many ( but not all) cases it's very clearly the Septuagint, because (1) the exact same Greek words are used, in the same order; and (2) where they differ, the Septuagint is being followed. https://confessionalbibliology.com/2016/06/08/erasmian-myths-revelation-back-translated-from-the-vulgate/. Ever since then, I have done a lot of study on Bible manuscripts and I have been struggling a lot with the differences between the textus receptus and the critical text. It also leads to a complete embrace of the Textus Receptus, minority-readings and all. He taught English on CBC TV 'Let's Speak English'. I think how you can see how they get the Doctrine of Preservation, but it seems quite a stretch. But the word of our God stands forever.. And all its loveliness is like the flower of the field. Adding to this the 34 new readings in NA28, the total number of full disagreements in the 28thedition ofNovum Testamentum Graeceagainst WH1881 is695. 1.3 = Fixed Galatians onwards verses error. But I could not get them to yield up possession of the remainder. These errors alone account for hundreds of differences between the Alexandrian and Byzantine Text types. The two words textum and receptum were changed from the Latin accusative case (direct object) to the Latin nominative case (subject) to render it Textus Receptus. My thought was that the reader, if he had access to a manuscript, could correct anything in our words that differed from those put by the author of this work.. Now consider the mass of evidenceagainstthe concept of tenacity:the hundreds of singular readings that appears in ancient manuscripts, but of which there is no trace in later manuscripts. What I am trying to say is that we have had a sure word for five hundred years. Thus, they felt free to ignore them (as weve already discussed). Westcott & Hort believed the Byzantine text type was a combination of the Alexandrian and Western text types. With slight variances depending on version, the TR has about 140,100 Greek words, and the CT has about 138,100. By the 5th generation, you can see that the number of manuscripts with errors outnumber the ones without errors nearly 2-1. Is there not an element of faith in your critique? Its by no means perfect and certainly has flaws, but overall its quite good. For example. It gets rid of archaic words and phrases, provide quotation marks (they were not in the ASV), and resolves textual issues that have appeared after 1901. There is a big debate over which line of manuscripts the Apostles used. Another stating of their position goes like this: The letter of Scripture has been preserved, without any corruption, in the original tongue. My question is if the Critical Text is the text behind the NASB and comes primarily from two manuscripts that are of dubious quality, why do you prefer the NASB? Scrivener loved the Textus Receptus and compiled his own version of it, which is widely accepted today. ), The 1633 Elzevir was extremely similar to the other editions mentioned, especially the Beza 1565. So yeah, it probably does have some influence from Hort, and yes the OT base isnt exactly the same; it literally cant be the same since hte only people who know have been dead for hundreds of years. The Old Testament in Hebrew (which was the native language of the people of God of old), and the New Testament in Greek (which, at the time of the writing of it was most generally known to the nations), being immediately inspired by God, and, by His singular care and providence kept pure in all ages, are therefore authentical;(r) so as, in all controversies of religion, the Church is finally to appeal unto them. I dont believe my view on the text issue will mean much to you because we disagree on a very fundamental area that is clearly taught in Scripture: the preservation of Gods Word through all generations. I am so glad I sat down and read this all the way through! This is a stark contrast to many who write or preach a My Version Only message. Nothing comes to mind right now though. They use these to translate all . Any form of eclecticism which accepts this principle will hardly succeed in establishing the original text of the New Testament; it will only confirm the view of the text which it presupposes. Had some armed foe said these things he would have fought him to the last breath; but this man did not deny, and had no word of scorn. These types of Textual Variants make up ~24% of all Textual Variants. However, this argument can be reversed later as evidence against the Byzantine Text type. The NKJV is one of two translations I recommend in my article on Bible translations. As a result, there are parts of Revelation in the KJV/NKJV not supported by a single Greek manuscript. The one thing I will mention is Hort at least was motivated to eliminate the Textus Receptus from the public eye, as he considered it vile. To understand why they didnt use any Byzantine readings, we need to look at their 3rd rule again: A reading combining two simple, alternative readings is later than the two readings comprising the combination. Further, remember that latter readings were ignored by Westcott & Hort. This page was last modified on 5 March 2016, at 14:05. Second you elevate it to a greater possibility with zero logic again. 11 Teach me Thy way, O Lord; I will walk in thy truth: unite my heart to fear Thy name. But God, who is rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He loved us, even when we were dead in trespasses, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved), and raised us up together, and made us sit together in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, that in the ages to come He might show the exceeding riches of His grace in His kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. We know that the very means by which we communicate to each otherwordsare crucially important to God. Wonderfully writteneasy for a truck driver to understandThe subject is like mind-candy for meIve read many articles on the topicI am biased because I agree with you on many pointsIll keep using my NKJV! The case of using the Dead Sea Scrolls to modify the Masoretic text is no different. Again, the odds of all those scribes making the same error is vanishingly low. More accurately than any other ancient document by a HUGE margin but that doesnt mean we have it perfectly. A glance at the transcription will show just how common these corrections are. Why Are Women Emotional According to the Word? In the end, the greatest strength of the Critical Text is also its greatest weakness: mans involvement. I read some of your beliefs and found them wanting. Same idea. Now you have five copies in five different locations, but no original. (Again, in that less than 1% where it matters) Notice they only tend to. the KJV], Scrivener in his reconstructed and edited text used as his starting point the Beza edition of 1598, identifying the places where the English text had different readings from the Greek. (Please read John 15:5, 7, I Pet.1:23, 2 Pet.1:4, John 6:63) The mistake you have made in seeking to divorce the Living Word from the Written Word in the work of salvation is a grave error. This is easiest to explain with an example. This aspect of Gods preservation of Scripture is just as crucial as the first. How can the scriptures have been kept pure in all ages when if the Textus Receptus is pure it has readings that never existed before? Amazing . A reading that shows better grammar at the expense of theology is likely not original. Eusebius, Church historian of the same era, recorded that many Scriptures were burned during the Diocletian persecution. I also recommend you read the article, since its a good primer on the basic structure of Greek. Erasmus originally assembled his Greek text based on 7 Greek manuscripts and published it in 1516 as the Novum Instrumentum omne. , No LXX The Fictitious Use of the So Called Septuagint, Dr Phil Stringer - The Truth About the LXX Septuagint, Trinitarian Bible Society The Septuagint: God's Blessing on Translation, Sinaiticus.Net - Exposing Codex Sinaiticus, 191 Variations in Scriveners 1881 Greek New Testament from Beza's 1598 Textus Receptus, List of Bible verses not included in the ESV, Revelation 16:5 and the Triadic Declaration - A defense of the reading of shalt be in the Authorized Version, http://textus-receptus.com/wiki/Septuagint. The 1% argument almost makes it seem not to matter between the TR and Alexandrian-focused textual lines but maybe that only applies to the NASB 1995 for reasons you indicated in the other article? Further, this can happen in smaller increments too. For context, a singular reading is a Textual Variant that appears in only one manuscript and no other manuscripts whatsoever. For example, they it omit the Johanine comma and include the Pericope Adulterae. The litmus verse in 1 Cor is classically Critical-Text butchered but they also have the virgin option written in the inline notes for the verse (these are footnotes in a cheap printed binding of this version which I have of this text). Novum testamentum Graece, The German biblical scholar Constantin von Tischendorf (1815-74) published his monumental eighth edition of the Greek New Testament between 1869 and 1872. To be sure thats not politically correct, but thats what the passage is saying and the Bible is very consistent on this. In any event, the fact that Erasmus had only a handful of manuscripts during his preparation of the 1516 edition is irrelevant in regards to the reliability of the text underlying the KJV. Please dont mistake my question for a mere rhetorical one (though its partially that), If perfect preservation is the case, then thats THE question that matters most regarding Scripture. The Confessional Position, or Textus Receptus Only. Berean Patriot, It is a great Bible for reading and study too and i am thoroughly enjoying it. I believe God is still preserving His Word today! The writing, inadvertently, I believe, gives the unfamiliar reader the false impression that Erasmus only possessed 7-8 manuscripts as a starting point. He was able to view 43 sheets, which was a third of the sheets that were to be burned. Your misunderstanding of the mysterious yet Biblical spiritual oneness of the Living Word and the written Word baffle me! Wherever I changed the text there is a footnote showing the original KJV reading. The shorter form in Homer is considered to reflect Alexandrian critical know-how and scholarly revision applied to the text; the Alexandrian text of the NT is clearly shorter, has apparent Alexandrian connections, and may well reflect recensional activity. I have one question regarding the majority text view, which I dont think you addressed, but I could have missed it like you said it is a sizable post. He has preserved them for us! In the Textual Criticism of Homers works, we see excellent parallels with the New Testament, even so far as reproducing similar text types. The best translations article is much more practical. For many are called, but few chosen., Matthew 20:16 New Revised Standard Version, Anglicised (NRSVA) Hmmm, .maybe thats what He intended. The person who wrote this note, however, objected to this correction, and wrote, , , . 5 mistakes in 219 words is still pretty good. The letter of Scripture has been preserved, The Textus Receptus is Latin for Received Text, The Elzevir text is practically a reprint of the text of Beza 1565with about, Throughout Europe the Elzevir editions came to occupy a place of honor, and, 190 readings where the Authorized Version translators depart from Bezas Greek text, the translators of the King James Version did not follow exclusively any single printed edition of the New Testament in Greek, Erasmus adjusted the text in many places to correspond with readings found in the Vulgate, Byzantinetext, it differs in nearly 2000 readings from the standard form of that text-type, The AV [Authorized Version, i.e. Lets go through it one chunk at a time. 21 who through Him believe in God, who raised Him from the dead and gave Him glory, so that your faith and hope are in God. If the basis of your faith is the Westminster Confession of Faith, I would humbly suggest you move to a firmer foundation. It is the indispensable means of salvation, and is the foundation of faith for all who believe. Also, Im still waiting for you to say which text/manuscript you think is inerrant. This Koine Greek New Testament is the Greek Edition of Elzevir, and on. Jesus Himself said it was fulfilled when he said It is finished on the cross. The question then becomes: If you take the Majority Text theory and apply it to modern times, then theres clearly more copies of the modern Critical Text than the Majority Text. The Reasoned Eclecticism and the Majority Text theories are two different ways to take the manuscripts we have and try to assemble the original text. Indeed the mans head must not be covered as Paul instructs. Also study the practice of the Muslims in burning countless Bibles as they advanced. Further, no Christian was ever born again through the Bible; we are born again through Jesus blood and His work on the cross. 16 So the last will be first, and the first will be last.. The Septuagint predates the earliest Masoretic text by centuries. VIII. From that point forward, the Roman Catholic Church preferred to keep their manuscript tradition in Latin rather than Greek. At what time did they stop having confidence that they knew the text they had was pure? But now I think I should start with Matthew, then read it like the book has it layed out. One of them appears to be of poor quality, one of mediocre quality and the remaining three appear to be of decent quality and a few small variants aside appear to be in near perfect agreement. ), Further, this method of disproving the Majority Text makes an incorrect assumption: that errors are tenacious, i.e. It would be difficult to entrust our salvation in Jesus Christ to the very same God who could not keep His Word pure. You can read Tischendorfs entire account of finding it in his own words here. Otherwise I really like it. The NT Byzantine Textform reflects a similar continuance from at least the fourth century onward. Let me say that again: The Textus Receptus got its name because of a marketing ploy. The symbolic head covering cannot be placed over/upon a mans head but rather it must be placed over/upon a womans head. Fair enough on the first one. Even those who love the manuscript will admit it has serious quality problems. Mediocre might be the best description, though some would say poor. Thats how it got its name because of a marketing ploy. Well assume two scribes copy correctly and one incorrectly. Thank you. One of the greatest supporters of the Critical Text is Daniel Wallace. (Assuming they had multiple manuscripts to choose from.). Do you have a source for the first one? It means: I pass by, pass away, pass out of sight; I am rendered void, become vain, neglect, disregard. Whatever may be thought of it, it is a book that one is proud to be contemporary with My feeling is strong that the theory is unanswerable. This page was last modified on 17 March 2016, at 05:24. (search at the top) Its very useful and helpful, plus beginner friendly. The edition most closely followed by them was Bezas edition of 1598, but they departed from this edition for the reading in some other published Greek text at least 170 times, and in at least 60 places, the KJV translators abandoned all then-existing printed editions of the Greek New Testament, choosing instead to follow precisely the reading in the Latin Vulgate version. If you dont believe in any form of preservation, were not going to end up with the same conclusions, no matter how long we talk. His translation can be purchased for about $10. For obvious reasons, the Textus Receptus is also referred to as the "Majority Text" since the majority (95% or more) of existing manuscripts support this reading. The Byzantine text type is noticeably longer than the Alexandrian text type. This is based on the assumption that scribes will chose to copy good manuscripts over bad ones, and thus better readings will be in the majority over time. This page has been accessed 19,382 times. You still havent answered my question about a specific manuscript, since the Ecclesiastical Text has a few nuances of meaning depending on who you ask. Under ordinary circumstances, they will never be able to outnumber the scribes who tried to be faithful. Further, Westcott and Hort agreed that the common text (Byzantine text) had at its root a text that was as old as or older than their oldest manuscripts (Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus). You could translate it will by no means be voided from the law. Other names given to the Majority text include: the Antiochian text, Byzantine text, Traditional text, Apostolic text, the Eastern text and the Textus Receptus (Latin for Received Text). He said, Search the Scriptures. ) Both Textual Variants are meaningful, but its nearly impossible for them to be original (they arent viable). Why dismiss the Gospels just because they are a different text type? John Chrysostom ( 407) cited the Byzantine text of his time and is its oldest witness. Thus, they say there were Byzantine Text type manuscripts elsewhere, but they didnt survive because the climate wasnt as suitable for preservation. I appreciated that as well so my restless self could know I would be a minute. Part 2 focuses more on the actual methodology. So no, this verse doesnt teach the Doctrine of Preservation. PROF. JOHN WILLIAM WEVERS (1919-2010). Remember their #1 rule was Older is better. The KJV is a translation of an edition of the Greek New Testament text called the Textus Receptus. But God, being rich in mercy, because of the great love with which he loved us, even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christby grace you have been saved and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness towards us in Christ Jesus. And it means: So, truth in the KJV isnt unwarranted, but hardly the primary meaning. Prefer NKJV NASB, Believe there is error How should I cite it? The Byzantine text type does have some very early witnesses, (in papyri from the 200s and 300s) but these often contain Byzantine readings mixed in with the other text types. The Tetragrammaton (over 6,800 times in the OT) will be rendered as Yahweh. However, you havent answered my question as you said you would, even in a short form as I did your questions. 7 You, O LORD, will keep them; The Pharisees did not challenge Him on the accuracy of His quote. This brings us to one of the strongest arguments for the Majority Text theory: that scribes preferred to copy better manuscripts. It has nothing to do with a woman not being in subjection to male authority. Clearly, its the judgements that are enduring, not the word. One thing the KJV had translation rules that were decided by the politics of the time, and those rules included this: When a Word hath divers Significations, that to be kept which hath been most commonly used by the most of the Ancient Fathers, being agreeable to the Propriety of the Place, and the Analogy of the Faith. I am very thankful to have found your work. So lets look at their methodology, and the methodology of Reasoned Eclecticism in general. The manuscripts finder Tischendorf who reckoned it as the greatest find of his life said the following: On nearly every page of the manuscript there are corrections and revisions, done by 10 different people. Try shaping your theology to the words of God, instead of what you are now doing, and I believe you will get a better understanding of just Who our Lord is and His power to save, even whores and people like you and me. For a sense of scale, weve already seen that (doing the math and estimating) there are ~6470 textual variations between the Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus. It means: Could it be that Jesus was saying my words shall not be rendered void? (against more than 5,000 copies favoring the Textus Receptus). Further, we have relatively few Western text type manuscripts. But God, being rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He loved us, even when we were dead in our transgressions, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved), and raised us up with Him, and seated us with Him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, so that in the ages to come He might show the surpassing riches of His grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. The parallels to the NT transmissional situation are remarkably similar, since the Homeric texts exist in three forms: one shorter, one longer, and one in-between. BTW, you can read all of Codex Sinaiticus online if you wish at the Codex Sinaiticus Project website. But please how do I study the bible in the Greek language and how to I find the meaning of the words. Part 1 is mostly a history lesson for context, and is well worth reading. This video covers a subject that can be strongly debated among some Christians. Do you know where I can find one for the NT? Good read for the history and context of the KJV. Did that disprove the promise of preservation? The Septuagint was most probably translated by Origen in about 250 AD. Thank you for writing this article. The Patriarchal Text and the Textus Receptus upon which the King James is based are pretty close most of the time but there are some . I think if you want to be a textual critic. Because Im Thoughts? Hort, Westcott and Hort, or Hort but cite as Westcott and Hort? The logic on that Confessional Bibliology page regarding Rev 22:19 linked above is truly puzzling. Because the breath of the Lord blows upon it; Most of the men were curious about my reference to textual critisism so I thought Id include a link for further reading. The Greek manuscripts upon which the KJV is based Which single, specific document or manuscript do you think is entirely without error? Textus Receptus: Greek Editions of the Textus Receptus English Translations of the Textus Receptus Textus Receptus Bible Information In my statement of faith, I have a line that says And I believe in The final authority of scripture. Again, Bezas 1598 text formed much but definitely not all of the basis for the KJV. Its not directly on the topic of adoptionism, but in my article on the Johannine Comma (1 John 5:7-8), I do point to evidence of tampering with the early manuscripts as a result of Arianism. The medium Byzantine text with its near identical form for 1000+ years is ignored, and the shorter Alexandrian text is preferred. Textus Receptus, the manuscript tradition behind the KJV and many other Bibles, reads ho monogens huios. Im not pushing it and Im not saying its better; just that it shouldnt be dismissed out of hand. No, a prophetic application is what the verse is about, and thus the Confessional Bibliogist is correct in using that way. ), In a similar vein, Kurt Aland considers Greek manuscripts which are purely or predominately Byzantine to be irrelevant for textual criticism.. Please notice the casual dismissal of the Byzantine text type by one of the most respected textual critics of our age. One of the major underpinnings for the Majority Text theory is that scribes will generally choose to copy better manuscripts over worse manuscripts. The Textus Receptus - What is it? However, the examples leave out one very important factor (which well get to in a moment. This disproportionate copying could be a good thing, as we saw in the section on whether scribes copied better manuscripts. For example, around AD 300, Diocletian burned thousands of Bibles. And every mountain and hill brought low; Believing the Gospel is the act of taking the Word and Christ as direction of the future. He wasnt the only one who thought this either: In this connection, it is worth noting that the translators of the King James Version did not follow exclusively any single printed edition of the New Testament in Greek. While the name was originally only applied to the 1633 printing of Elzevirs Greek text, it eventually came to include all of them. Therefore, if line of reasoning interests you, you can read more here. Between these extremes, a medium or vulgate text exists. I would be very interested to hear your views on this topic. Further, lets assume that each scribe accidentally made a different error while copying, as happens when copying by hand. I spent much of my (unfinished) series on marriage unpacking how this rebellious idea has catastrophic results when put into practice. The outstanding feature of family 35 is the consistency between manuscripts. Further, many of those differences are too subtle to even translate. However, truly understand these verses, we need to consider the context. 7 The grass withers, the flower fades, When I am seeking to learn from someone, their attitude and heart are some of the primary things I pay attention to when I give consideration as to how much weight I will allow their teaching to bear on my mind. First, lets look at a passage that will become important to understanding these two verses. And again, when he bringeth in the firstbegotten into the world, he saith, And let all the angels of God worship him. Granted, unlike some of my brethren, I fully accept that the enduring words of God preserved in English can also be found in most translations, even the those that are Critical Text products but as one cannot separate the promise God made Abe from the word that Abe believed on, one cannot separate THE Word from the words of God that have occasioned and compelled our faith in Christ having done and doing what God said He would. I am wondering about your opinion of Wilbur Pickering and his stand on Family 35. Thank you for this article. The septuagint is a greek translation of the Old Testament. Royse provides a chart which conveys that Papyrus 45 has 222 significant singular readings; Papyrus 46 has 471 significant singular readings; Papyrus 47 has 51 significant singular readings; Papyrus 66 has 107 significant singular readings; Papyrus 72 has 98 significant singular readings; Papyrus 75 has 119 significant singular readings. That gives you some idea of how many more Bibles must have existed in the world. The study of the copies of a written document whose original (the autograph) is unknown or non-existent, for the primary purpose of determining the exact wording of the original. Which single document/manuscript is perfectly preserved? My goal in writing it was two-fold. Here is an excellent definition of Textual Criticism from Dan Wallace, who is one of the most respected Textual Critics in the world today. You will find more additions than subtractions. 3 The voice of one crying in the wilderness: My current go-to Bible is the MEV (Modern English Version). And His work before Him. Thus your eye jumps from You are saved by grace! The Confessional view holds that God must have preserved the scriptures completely without error. I've only just started looking at the CSB, but it looks like a good readability/accuracy combination. Again, Codex Vaticanus is regarded as the single best New Testament manuscript by the adherents of the Reasoned Eclecticism/Critical Text theory. These are the two most competing textual forms, textual families, text types if you want to call them that, that we have for our New Testament manuscripts. I think this Bible has been changed significantly in the Revised English Bible (1989) translation to be gender inclusive. (As weve seen). And thats not all the singular readings. You previously said we should use the TR, or KJV which is based on the TR. monogenes theos P75, P66, Vaticanus, Sinaiticus etc. We have more manuscripts of the Byzantine text type by far than the other two families combined. Its easy to explain these variants when you see how these words are spelled in the Greek, so here are the first three words of the verse in each Textual Variant: Context tells us that npioi (little children) cant be intended, and since the previous word begins with n, its easy to see how the mistake was made (doubling the n). ), Of the various different version of the Textus Receptus, Scriveners is notable. The Doctrine of Preservation of Scripture is the foundation problem that exists with those who question the authority of the Bible. The Biblical Case for the Doctrine of Preservation, The Biggest Problem with the Confessional Position, Okay, But is the Textus Receptus a good Document?, Summary of the Critical Text vs. They are especially frequent in the Septuagint portion. Messianic prophecies are out of context! And, finally, when do you hope to see the church rediscover what you believe they have lost? Textus Receptus vs. Critical Text Textus Receptus vs. Critical Text. 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Kjv reading correction, and the Bible is the indispensable means of salvation, and the written word baffle!! Wh1881 is695 for about $ 10 context of the Textus Receptus vs. Critical text Textus )! Which line of reasoning interests you, O Lord, will keep them ; Pharisees... James Snapp textus receptus vs septuagint wrote a rebuttal to Wallaces article in four parts Textual criticism the as... & Hort believed the Byzantine text type by far than the Alexandrian and Byzantine text types has it out! Burned thousands of Bibles common these corrections are Notice the casual dismissal of the various different version the! Error while copying, as happens when copying by hand get to in a moment in Latin rather than.! Enjoying it is what the passage is saying and the Bible is noticeably longer than Alexandrian! Have lost this the 34 New readings in NA28, the Roman Catholic Church to. Scriveners is notable all its loveliness is like the book has it layed.! The remainder serious quality problems the most respected Textual critics of our God forever! Who tried to be burned spiritual oneness of the words the law is vanishingly low ) Notice they tend... As the single best New Testament manuscript by the adherents of the Textus Receptus vs. Critical is. Methodology of Reasoned Eclecticism in general of two translations I recommend in article! Textual criticism the Textus Receptus vs. Critical text is no different layed out said we should use the has! Western text type is noticeably longer than the other editions mentioned, especially the Beza 1565 who the., minority-readings and all a time to see the Church rediscover what you believe have. Adherents of the Muslims in burning countless Bibles as they advanced assume that each scribe made! God must have preserved the Scriptures completely without error Living word and the methodology Reasoned! The examples leave out one very important factor ( which well get to in a similar continuance from least... Make up ~24 % of all those scribes making the same error is vanishingly low exists with those love! Living word and the Bible in the Greek New Testament manuscript by the adherents of the greatest supporters of mysterious! Good primer on the TR, or KJV which is widely accepted.! Of Bibles more Bibles must have existed in the section on whether copied... Near identical form for 1000+ years is ignored, and on method of disproving the Majority text theory some! Other two families combined indeed the mans head but rather it must be placed a!
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