This category contains the known or alleged operations of the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States. Such "ghost detainees" are kept outside judicial oversight, often without ever entering US territory, and may or may not ultimately be devolved to the custody of the United States. In some countries, "preparing" for Soviet invasion included espionage and the hoarding of ammunitions. In 1987, the Supreme Court affirmed this defense in a 54 decision that dismissed Stanley's case: United States v. For other uses, see, 1994 U.S. General Accounting Office report. CORONA was created by a small group of CIA, Air Force and private industry experts who were tasked with finding a way to provide broad imagery coverage of the USSR to identify missile launch sites and production facilities. Dont just read about intelligence operations, join us. Several other proposals were included within Operation Northwoods, including real or simulated actions against various U.S. military and civilian targets. A second defector, Yuri Nosenko, challenged Golitsyn's claims, with the two calling one another Soviet double agents. Live Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. The plan was drafted by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, signed by Chairman Lyman Lemnitzer and sent to the Secretary of Defense. Other human rights issues that are controversial include the case of Edward Snowden. The operation was detailed in a partially declassified U.S. Army report in 1981. (Of course, they didnt release the reason why they needed one, but well leave that up to your imagination.) [36] American historian Alfred W. McCoy has claimed that the CIA attempted to focus media attention on these sorts of "ridiculous" programs so that the public would not look at the research's primary goal, which was effective methods of interrogation. Long-term debilitation and several deaths resulted from this. "U.S. vets say there were human guinea pigs | ABC7 San Francisco | abc7news.com". Here's how to watch. [67]:140150 His treatments resulted in victims' urinary incontinence, amnesia, forgetting how to talk, forgetting their parents and thinking their interrogators were their parents. The Central Intelligence Agency today declassified the United States Government's six oldest classified documents, dating from 1917 and 1918. Declassified documents related to NATO's stay-behind armies are accessible via The Black Vault, a website that makes declassified documents available to the public. Dr. Wernher von Braun (center) describes the Saturn Launch System to President John F. Kennedy (right, pointing). [citation needed] The CIA itself subsequently acknowledged that these tests had little scientific rationale. [53] In other experiments where people were given LSD without their knowledge, they were interrogated under bright lights with doctors in the background taking notes. "[13][14], The US program has also prompted several official investigations in Europe into alleged secret detentions and unlawful inter-state transfers involving Council of Europe member states. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally endorsed CORONA in February 1958. The project began in 1939, and was cloaked in secrecy as physicists investigated the potential power of atomic weapons. One of the most well-known secret research programs is the Manhattan Project, which eventually produced the world's first atomic bombs. The mission of the secret armies was simple: Prepare for a potential communist takeover and lead an armed resistance should such a takeover occur. Throughout the experiment stages, test subjects werehypnotized and drugged. [1][2] Operation Top Hat, however, was not among the projects submitted to the Secretary of the Army for approval. The records include: White House and ODNI efforts to explain, justify, and defend the programs; Correspondence between outside critics and executive branch officials; Fact sheets and white papers distributed (and sometimes later withdrawn) by the government; Key laws and court decisions (both Supreme Court and Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court); Documents on the Total Information Awareness (later Terrorist Information Awareness, or TIA) program, an earlier proposal for massive data collection Manuals on how to exploit the Internet for intelligence. Communists led by Fidel Castro had taken power in Cuba in 1959, which aroused the concern of the US military due to the Cold War. Abramtchik, Mikola Sign up for InsideHook to get our best content delivered to your inbox every weekday. Government military secrets can range from amusing to absurd to downright terrifying, but they are all extremely intriguing. B Black sites (18 P) C Central Intelligence Agency domestic surveillance operations (10 P) E Extraordinary rendition program (2 C, 13 P) M Several of these were not misguided Nazis or opportunistic collaborators but merely embraced Hitler's regime in the name of anticommunism. [34][35] Some historians assert that one goal of MKUltra and related CIA projects was to create a Manchurian Candidate-style subject. "In fiscal year 2010 alone, the Agency declassified and released over 1.1 million pages of documents.". And awesome. I think this is as serious as it gets," stated Anna Eshoo, Chairman, Subcommittee on Intelligence Community Management, U.S. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI). Project Grudge was a short-lived program launched in 1949 to study unidentified flying objects. "[30], Furthermore, the leaks included documents at many levels of the National Security Agency (NSA) electronic surveillance activities. [31], Most MKUltra records were destroyed in 1973 by order of CIA director Richard Helms, so it has been difficult for investigators to gain a complete understanding of the more than 150 funded research subprojects sponsored by MKUltra and related CIA programs. Declassified CIA File - Project AERODYNAMIC (15 Feb 1967) Original Title: Declassified CIA file - Project AERODYNAMIC (15 Feb 1967) Uploaded by Operation Gladio Description: Source: http://www.foia.cia.gov/sites/default/files/document_conversions/1705143/AERODYNAMIC%20%20%20VOL.%205%20%20 (DEVELOPMENT%20AND%20PLANS)_0004.pdf Copyright: Substances which produce physical disablement such as paralysis of the legs, acute anemia, etc. Washington D.C., September 13, 2022 - On the 5th anniversary of the CIA's September 13, 2017, decision to pull its agents out of Cuba, after several operatives were stricken with what has become known as the "Havana Syndrome," the National Security Archive today posted the first of a declassified documentation series on the "Moscow Signals"a decades-long chapter of the Cold War . The project became the basis for several movies, such as "The Manchurian Candidate" and "The Men Who Stare at Goats.". The pigeons recruited by the CIA during the Cold War were trained to undertake . Unidentified Vietnamese women and children before being killed in the My Lai Massacre. In 1977, Schulsinger completed his doctoral dissertation on the project, but as MKUltra had been officially declared in the U.S. to have been discontinued with records destroyed, Schulsinger's thesis became a state secret. law. Kinzer gives evidence of the continuation of a Nazi agenda, citing the CIA's secret recruitment of Nazi torturers and vivisectionists to continue experimenting on thousands of subjects, and Nazis were brought to Fort Detrick, Maryland, to instruct CIA officers on the lethal uses of sarin gas. CORONA: Americas first Satellite Program (PDF 18.43MB) In March 1968, American soldiers murdered hundreds of unarmed civilians in the South Vietnamese hamlet of My Lai, according to accounts of the massacre that describe harrowing killings of at least 300 women, children and elderly people. MKUltra used numerous methods to manipulate its subjects' mental states and brain functions, such as the covert administration of high doses of psychoactive drugs (especially LSD) and other chemicals, electroshocks,[5] hypnosis,[6][7] sensory deprivation, isolation, and verbal and sexual abuse, in addition to other forms of torture. That group compiled more than 9,000 pages of documents detailing crimes by U.S. troops during the Vietnam War, many of which were declassified during the 1990s. These research funds were sent to Cameron by a CIA front organization, the Society for the Investigation of Human Ecology, and as shown in internal CIA documents, Cameron did not know the money came from the CIA. William Kampiles, a low-level worker in the CIA 24-hour Operations Center, sold the Soviets a detailed operational manual for the KH-11 reconnaissance satellite. [50], In 2007, the now defunct database Wikiscanner revealed that computers from the CIA had been used to edit articles on the English Wikipedia, including the Iraq War article in 2003, and the article on former CIA executive director William Colby. The order stipulated that all the imagery would be declassified immediately upon transfer and be made available to the public. Additional Documents Declassified About MKULTRA. [75] Pursuant to this order, most CIA documents regarding the project were destroyed, making a full investigation of MKUltra impossible. Materials which will produce the signs and symptoms of recognized diseases in a reversible way so they may be used for malingering, etc. The mosquitoes were released from ground level in Savannah, Georgia and then recovered using traps baited with dry ice. Since he realized there was a difference in testing the drug in a laboratory and using it in clandestine operations, he initiated a series of experiments where LSD was given to people in "normal" settings without warning. A declassified document from 1955 added that MK-Ultra sought to observe "materials which will cause the victim to age faster/slower in maturity" and "substances which will promote illogical . The men were dosed with LSD, the brothels were equipped with one-way mirrors, and the sessions were filmed for later viewing and study. [50] Heroin addicts were bribed into taking LSD with offers of more heroin. The Corps released uninfected female mosquitoes into a cooperative residential area of Savannah, Georgia, and then estimated how many mosquitoes entered houses and bit people. The U.S. General Accounting Office issued a report on September 28, 1994, which stated that between 1940 and 1974, Department of Defense and other national security agencies studied thousands of human subjects in tests and experiments involving hazardous substances. A month after the Trinity test, two atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan in the waning stages of World War II. The MKSEARCH program was divided into two projects dubbed MKOFTEN and MKCHICKWIT. Rappoport, J. This category has the following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total. Subcategories This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total. Weiner, Tim. [1], According to writer Deborah Davis, Operation Mockingbird recruited leading American journalists into a propaganda network and oversaw the operations of front groups. "CIA Experiments With Mind Control on Children". [1] Chemical Corps personnel participating in the tests were not volunteers and were not informed of the tests. ", "Operation Big Itch was a September 1954 series of tests at Dugway Proving Ground in Utah. The Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA by Tim Weiner accuses the CIA of covert actions and human rights abuses. In July 2016, the National Security Archive posted declassified documents, films and photographs that show U.S. tests of atomic bombs in the Bikini Atoll in 1946. The government argued that Stanley was barred from suing under the Feres doctrine. [24], Other related cryptonyms include Project MKNAOMI and Project MKDELTA. [49], In the early 1990s Richard Barlow asked his managers to correct the record when blatantly false statements had been made to Congress. In dissent, Justice William Brennan argued that the need to preserve military discipline should not protect the government from liability and punishment for serious violations of constitutional rights: The medical trials at Nuremberg in 1947 deeply impressed upon the world that experimentation with unknowing human subjects is morally and legally unacceptable. They also revealed that at least one subject, Frank Olson, had died after administration of LSD. [45], Early CIA efforts focused on LSD-25, which later came to dominate many of MKUltra's programs. [49] They also administered LSD to CIA employees, military personnel, doctors, other government agents, and members of the general public to study their reactions. During the Cold War, the CIA initiated Project MK-ULTRA, a secret and illegal human research program to investigate potential mind-control systems. To date, the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki remain the only uses of nuclear weapons in war. [48] Some Members of Congress believe that these lies to Congress are similar to CIA lies to Congress from earlier periods. At least one valid email address is required. [32], The project began during a period of what English journalist Rupert Cornwell described as "paranoia" at the CIA, when the U.S. had lost its nuclear monopoly and fear of communism was at its height. Project 1794 was canceled in December 1961 after tests suggested the flying saucer design was aerodynamically unstable and would likely be uncontrollable at high speeds (let alone supersonic speeds). He was almost awarded thePresidential Medal of Freedom but was denied it because ofhis Nazi past. "[69] However, according to some reports, Brennan didn't apologize for spying or doing anything wrong at all, even though his agency had been improperly accessing computers of the Senate Select Intelligence Committee (SSCI) and then, in the words of investigative reporter Dan Froomkin, "speaking a lie". Many veterans who were subjected to experimentation are now seeking legal and monetary reparations. In the 1970s, Congressional investigations and reports also revealed Agency connections with journalists and civic groups. [5], In 1973, amid a government-wide panic caused by Watergate, CIA Director Richard Helms ordered all MKUltra files destroyed. [41] The project was a joint project between the U.S. Army Chemical Corps and the CIA's Office of Research and Development to find new offensive-use agents, with a focus on incapacitating agents. Cher Ami, a black checker pigeon, earned his fame carrying messages for the American military during World War I. There is always the risk that one part of the government may make the covert operations of another part of the government public. Documents describing secret writing fall under the CIA's purview to declassify. While Area 51, which operates as a detachment of Edwards Air Force Base in neighboring California, has never been declared a covert base, the research and activities conducted there were some of the nation's most closely guarded secrets. Stanley. and other United States agencies employed at least a thousand Nazis as Cold War spies and informants and, as recently as the 1990s, concealed the governments ties to some still living in America, newly disclosed records and interviews show. The Soviet Union was more aggressive in forcibly recruiting more than 2,200 German specialistsa total of more than 6,000 people including family memberswith Operation Osoaviakhim during one night on October 22, 1946.". [61] Representative Silvestre Reyes announced the probe will look into "whether there was any past decision or direction to withhold information from the committee". First, the bad news: we found that over 20 of the NID excerpts about Eastern Europe in the most recent CIA project had been previously released, some as early as 1999 and others in 2011 and 2013. [1] Around 330,000 uninfected mosquitoes were dropped from aircraft in E14 bombs and dispersed from the ground. An aerial view of Area 51 and Groom Lake in Nevada. Substances which promote weakness or distortion of the eyesight or hearing faculties, preferably without permanent effects. Since its effects were temporary, he believed it could be given to high-ranking officials and in this way affect the course of important meetings, speeches, etc. Substances which will enhance the ability of individuals to withstand privation, torture, and coercion during interrogation and so-called "brain-washing". [59], The Wall Street Journal reported, citing former intelligence officials familiar with the matter, that the program was an attempt to carry out a 2001 presidential authorization to capture or kill al-Qaeda operatives.[60]. A spokeswoman for Wikipedia said in response that the changes may violate the encyclopedia's conflict-of-interest guidelines. . Cameron died on September 8, 1967, after suffering a heart attack while he and his son were mountain climbing. [84] WikiLeaks did not name the source, but said that the files had "circulated among former U.S. government hackers and contractors in an unauthorized manner, one of whom has provided WikiLeaks with portions of the archive. 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